The Cardiovascular Disease shows its symptoms in about 10 years activity, and especially on the very beginning it is usually asymptomatic.
The Endothelium dysfunction is one of the most important early biomarkers of Cardiovascular Disease incoming.
For this reason is extremely important to have an instrument that aids the physician to perform reliable Flow Mediated Dilation Assessments.
Flow Mediated Dilation Assessment consists of an ultrasound acquisition of the brachial artery, performed in ten minutes (ref. guidelines 1, 2, 3), in order to investigate the percentage of the vessel vasodilation respect to a baseline condition, related to the blood flow velocity and its shear stress.
The patient lies on a bed at rest, in a supine position with her/his right arm stretched out with and an inflation cuff placed around it.
Then, the sonographer acquires the diameter of the brachial artery for about 60 seconds in order to obtain basal values.
After 60 seconds, the pressure cuff is inflated to induce a 5 minutes long of artificial hyschemia; and then, simply releasing the cuff, you could observe the reactive hyperemia: by this way, a big amount of blood will flow through the vessel inducing a shear stress on the vessel wall.
A shear stress applied on the internal surface of an artery induces a chemical endothelium response (nitric oxide), that in turn, induces a vasodilation of the artery.
The sonographer will record the percentage of vasodilation relating to basal value and link it to the shear stress calculated through blood flow velocity acquired through the Doppler ultrasound in duplex mode.
The FMD percentage is the difference between the maximum value of the diameter and the mean baseline diameter and it’s strictly correlated to endothelial dysfunction:
FMD Studio, powered by Quipu, is a plug-in of the Cardiovascular Suite software, able to process video from any ultrasound device in order to perform realiable and real time measurements of the vessel diameter and to extract FMD parameters.
Thanks to Quipu’s innovative algorithm, that guarantees a sub-pixel resolution, FMD Studio is the best solution for research centers and clinical environments who wants to perform FMD analysis.
Furthermore, the Cardiovascular Suite software is able to manage and export large amount of data through its archive and to maintain patients’ refertation and documentation.
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